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Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness
Self-Efficacy Scale for Use in the Thai Context

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P. Jankhuang, J. Mesukko, S. Niyomkar, and J. Deeluea 1
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Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Thailand

Background: Self-efficacy is crucial for self-management in children with chronic illnesses. The
Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness Self-Efficacy is a valid generic instrument for measuring self-efficacy
in American English children and adolescents with a chronic illness. However, it has not been
translated into Thai.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the translation and cultural adaptation process of the
Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness Self-Efficacy to assess self-efficacy for self-management in
school-age children with a chronic illness in the Thai context.

Methods: This study applied the World Health Organization’s (WHO) process of translation and
adaptation of instruments, including forward translation, linguistic evaluation, back-translation,
Oral Presentation Abstracts
and translation discussion. The scale was revised following discussions between translators,
back-translators, and field specialists in children.

Results: The translation process resulted in the final version of the scale. The items in the Thai version
were approved for semantic equivalence. Some items that lacked clarity and needed rewriting
were changed to improve understandability and suitability for school-age children in Thai culture.
Moreover, the back-translated version from Thai to English of the Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness
Self-Efficacy has been sent to the author, who developed the original instrument, to determine the
accuracy of its meaning compared to the original version in English. The result is that the author
approves and has no further recommendations.

Conclusion: The Thai version of the Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness Self-Efficacy is suitable for
assessing perceived self-efficacy for managing chronic illness in Thai school-age children.
Nevertheless, further examination of the psychometric properties is required.

Keywords: chronic illness, school-age children, self-efficacy, Thai Pediatric Rating of Chronic Illness
Self-Efficacy, translation

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Correspondence: Pradthana Jankhuang, Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
E-mail: pradthana_j@cmu.ac.th

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